Has Apple's Chief Tim Cook Replaced Steve Jobs?
苹果CEO库克是否已完美替代乔布斯？
Apple co-founder Steve Jobs died in 2011. Many thought his ability to lead the technology company would be impossible to replace. However, the current head of Apple, Tim Cook, seems to be doing extremely well.
苹果公司联合创始人史蒂夫·乔布斯于2011年去世。许多人认为，他领导这家科技公司的能力将无可替代。然而，苹果公司现任负责人蒂姆·库克的表现似乎非常出色。
Cook was at first believed to be little more than a caretaker for Apple after Jobs' death. But Cook has continued to build Apple with his own skill and ideas. He will celebrate his ninth year as Apple's Chief Executive Officer (CEO) Monday.
库克最初被认为只是乔布斯死后的苹果公司“看管人”。但是库克继续用自己的技能和想法打造苹果。周一，他将迎来自己担任苹果首席执行官的第九年。
Training Cook to take over the company was "one of Steve Jobs' greatest accomplishments," said Apple analyst Gene Munster.
苹果分析师吉恩·蒙斯特(Gene Munster)表示，培养库克接管苹果公司是“史蒂夫·乔布斯最伟大的成就之一”。
The company's stock market value was $400 billion when Cook became CEO. Its stock is worth five times that amount today. It is the first U.S. company to have a market value of $2 trillion.
库克出任首席执行官时，苹果公司的股票市值为4000亿美元。如今它的股票市值已经翻了5倍。它是首家市值达到2万亿美元的美国企业。
However, Cook has faced many problems as the company's head. They included a slowdown in iPhone sales as smartphones outgrew their newness. Another was an argument with the FBI over user privacy. In addition to that is the U.S. trade war with China which threatens to force up iPhone prices, and the pandemic that has closed many Apple stores and sunk the economy into a deep recession.
然而，作为公司的领导者，库克面临着许多问题。这些问题包括随着智能手机失去新颖，苹果手机销量下降。另一个问题是跟美国联邦调查局就用户隐私的争论。除此之外，还有中美贸易战可能会迫使苹果手机价格上涨，以及新冠大流行导致许多苹果专卖店关门并使经济陷入严重衰退。
Cook has also done some things that Jobs refused to do. Apple now pays a dividend, which Jobs did not want. Cook also has used his position to become a supporter of civil rights and renewable energy. In 2014, he became the first openly gay CEO of a major American company.
库克还做了一些乔布斯拒绝去做的事情。苹果公司现在支付股息，这是乔布斯不想干的。库克还利用自己的地位成为了民权和可再生能源的支持者。2014年，他成为了首位公开同性恋身份的美国大型公司首席执行官。
However, Apple has not brought out a product that creates a new market as it did with the iPhone. Its smartwatch and wireless ear buds are good products, but not nearly as revolutionary as the iPhone was.
但是，苹果公司尚未推出一种像苹果手机那样创造新市场的产品。它的智能手表和无线耳机是不错的产品，但是不像苹果手机那样具有革命性。
Cook and other company officials have suggested that Apple wants to make a revolutionary product in the field of augmented reality. It would use phone screens or high-tech eyewear to create digital pictures. But, Apple has not yet offered such a product.
库克和公司其他高管曾表示，苹果公司要在增强现实领域制造出一款革命性产品。它将使用手机屏幕或高科技眼镜来创造数码图片。但是苹果公司尚未推出这样的产品。
Apple also appears to be behind in the creation of artificial intelligence, especially for voice-activated digital assistants. Although Apple's Siri is used on Apple devices, people have accepted Amazon's Alexa and Google's digital assistant more easily.
在人工智能领域，尤其是在声控数字助理领域，苹果公司似乎也落后了。虽然苹果的Siri在苹果设备上使用，但是人们更容易接受亚马逊公司的Alexa和谷歌公司的数字助理。
Cook has also made some mistakes.
库克也犯了一些错误。
In 2017, Cook angered iPhone users by slowing the performance of older iPhones with software updates. The users believed the company did it to force them to buy new and more costly iPhones. The company later paid $500 million to end a legal case over the issue. Apple also faced government investigations into its attempts to lower its corporate tax.
2017年，库克因升级软件降低老款iPhone的性能而激怒了iPhone用户。用户们认为，苹果这样做是为了迫使他们购买更新和更昂贵的苹果手机。该公司后来支付了5亿美元，以解决针对这一问题的法律诉讼。苹果公司海因试图避税而面临政府的调查。
Cook has been most worried about the fall in sales of iPhones as people keep the devices longer. Four years ago, he rebuilt the Apple app store which provides programs for use on Apple devices. He placed importance on subscriptions services that can be used by the 1.5 billion iPhones already in use. That effort has added more than $50 billion each year to Apple's income.
库克一直最担心苹果手机的销量下降，因为用户使用苹果设备的时间更久。四年前，他重建了提供苹果设备程序的苹果应用商店。他非常重视可供15亿部在用手机使用的订阅服务。这些措施每年为苹果公司增加了超过500亿美元的收入。
I'm Susan Shand.
苏珊·尚德为你播报。
