春分,是春季九十天的中分点。二十四节气之一,每年公历大约为3月20日左右,太阳位于黄经0°(春分点)时。
春分这一天太阳直射地球赤道,南北半球季节相反,北半球是春分,在南半球来说就是秋分。春分是伊朗、土耳其、阿富汗、乌兹别克斯坦等国的新年,有着3000年的历史。
《月令七十二候集解》:“二月中,分者半也,此当九十日之半,故谓之分。秋同义。”《春秋繁露·阴阳出入上下篇》说:“春分者,阴阳相半也,故昼夜均而寒暑平。”
“二十四节气”是不是非常神奇?
中国“二十四节气”已正式列入联合国非遗名录!
那么“二十四节气”用英文该如何表达?花9分钟时间看看这个视频,学会这24节气的英文表达吧!
立春
Beginning of Spring
春天开始之时。
Spring starts here according to the Chinese definition of a season.
雨水
Rain Water
降雨大于降雪。
Starting at this point,the temperature makes rain more likely than snow.
惊蛰
Insects Awakening
冬眠昆虫开始苏醒。
When hibernating insects awaken.
春分
Spring Equinox
平分春季。
The central divide of spring.
清明
Fresh Green
扫墓时节。
A Chinese festival where,traditionally,ancestral graves are tended.
谷雨
Grain Rain
雨水帮助谷物生长。
Rain helps grain grow.
立夏
Beginning of Summer
夏天开始之时。
Summer starts here.
小满
Lesser Fulness
谷物变得饱满。
Grains are plump.
芒种
Grain in Ear
植物的芒生长成熟。
Awns(beard of grain)grow.
夏至
Summer Solstice
太阳高度达到了极值(最高)。
Summer extreme(of sun's height)
小暑
Lesser Heat
气温开始高到难以忍受。
When heat starts to get unbearable.
大暑
Greater Heat
一年最热之时。
The hottest time of the year.
立秋
Beginning of Autumn
秋天开始之时。
Autumn starts here.
处暑
End of Heat
炎热的夏天即将过去。
The scorching summer is going to pass by.
白露
White Dew
凝结的水汽变白。
Condensed moisture makes dew white.
秋分
Autumnal Equinox
平分秋季。
The central divide of autumn.
寒露
Cold Dew
露水开始变成霜。
Dew starts turning into frost.
霜降
First Frost
霜开始出现,气温开始下降。
Appearance of frost and descent of temperature.
立冬
Begginning of Winter
冬天开始之时。
Winter starts here.
小雪
Light Snow
开始下雪。
Snow starts falling.
大雪
Heavy Snow
雪开始下大。
Season of snowstorms in full swing.
冬至
Winter Solstice
太阳高度达到了极值(最低)。
Winter extreme(of sun's height).
小寒
Lesser Cold
气温开始低到难以忍受。
Cold starts to become unbearable.
大寒
Greater Cold
一年最冷之时。
Coldest time of year.
Why was the Twenty-four Solar Terms invented by ancient Chinese?
为什么古代中国人能够发明24节气?
In ancient times,agriculture was the economic mainstay of China and its people,and the purpose of establishing a calendar was to regulate agricultural production.Chinese ancients discovered through astronomical observation,that during the earth's 12-month orbit around the sun,its changing position gave rise to periodical changes in climate and thus distinctive farming seasons.They subsequently designated 24 positions within the earth's orbit,calling them the 24 Jieqi(24 solar terms).
农业是古代中国和中国老百姓的经济支柱,建立历法的目的是管理农业生产。中国古人通过天文观测发现,在地球围绕太阳公转的12个月里,其位置的周期性变化和气候变化相同,以此来确立农耕季节。所好他们在地球轨道内指定了24个位置,称之为24节气。
记忆小贴士
24节气的翻译看似繁多,其实归一下类即可轻松记住它们。
立春、立夏、立秋和立冬的英文都有Beginning of...:
立春Beginning of Spring
立夏Beginning of Summer
立秋Beginning of Autumn
立冬Beginning of Winter
夏至、冬至的英文都有Solstice:
夏至Summer Solstice
冬至Winter Solstice
春分/秋分的英文都有Equinox:
春分Spring Equinox
秋分Autumn Equinox
在小暑/大暑、小寒/大寒的英文中“小”用Lesser,“大”用Greater,可以归在一起记:
小暑Lesser Heat
大暑Greater Heat
小寒Lesser Cold
大寒Greater Cold