The methods of practicing economy（实行节俭） are very simple. Spend less than you earn. That is the first rule. A portion should always be set apart for the future. The person who spends more than he earns, is a fool.
The next rule is to pay ready money, and never, on any account（无论如何） , to run into debt.
The person who runs into debt is apt to（倾向于） get cheated; and if he runs into debt to any extent, he will himself be apt to get dishonest. "Who pays what he owes, enriches himself."
The next is, never to anticipate uncertain profits by expending them before they are secured. The profits may never come, and in that case you will have taken upon yourself a load of debt which you may never get rid of.
Another method of economy is, to keep a regular account of all that you earn, and of all that you expend. An orderly man will know beforehand what he requires, and will be provided with the necessary means for obtaining it. Thus his domestic budget will be balanced; and his expenditure kept within his income.
It is difficult to fix the precise limits of economy. Bacon says that if a man would live well within his income, he ought not to expend more than one half, and save the rest. This is perhaps too exacting; and Bacon himself did not follow his own advice. What proportion of one’s income should be expended on rent? That depends upon circumstances.
Wherever there is a large family, the more money that is put to one side and saved, the better. Economy is necessary to the moderately（适度地） rich, as well as to the comparatively poor man. Without economy, a man cannot be generous. He cannot take part in the charitable（慷慨的，仁慈的） work of the world.
If he spends all that he earns, he can help nobody. He cannot properly educate his children, nor put them in the way of starting fairly in the business of life. Thousands of witnesses daily testify, that men even of the most moderate intelligence, can practice the virtue with success.
Men of all classes are, as yet, too little influenced by these considerations. They are apt to live beyond their incomes. To save money for avaricious（贪婪的） purposes is altogether different from saving it for economical purposes. The saving may be accomplished in the same manner-by wasting nothing, and saving everything. But here the comparison ends. The miser’s only pleasure is in saving. The prudent economist spends what he can afford for comfort and enjoyment, and saves a surplus for some future time. The avaricious person makes gold his idol, whereas the thrifty（节约的） person regards it as a useful instrument, and as a means of promoting his own happiness and the happiness of those who are dependent upon him. The miser（守财奴，吝啬鬼） is never satisfied. He amasses（积聚，积累） wealth that he can never consume, but leaves it to be squandered by others, probably by spendthrifts（挥霍无度的人） ; whereas the economist aims at securing a fair share of the world’s wealth and comfort, without any thought of amassing a fortune.
There is a dignity in the very effort to save with a worthy purpose, even though the attempt should not be crowned with eventual success. It produces a well regulated mind; it gives prudence（审慎） a triumph over extravagance3; it gives virtue the mastery over vice; it puts the passions under control; it drives away care; it secures comfort. Saved money, however little, will serve to dry up many a tear；will ward off many sorrows and heart burnings, which otherwise might prey upon us. Possessed of a little store of capital, a man walks with a lighter step-his heart beats more cheerily.
When interruption of work or adversity happens, he can meet them; he can recline on（依赖，信赖） his capital, which will either break his fall, or prevent it altogether. By prudential（谨慎的） economy, we can realize the dignity of man; life will be a blessing.
相关单词：expend
expend解释：vt.花费，消费，消耗
expend例句：
Don't expend all your time on such a useless job.不要把时间消耗在这种无用的工作上。
They expend all their strength in trying to climb out.他们费尽全力想爬出来。
相关单词：expending
expending解释：v.花费( expend的现在分词 )；使用（钱等）做某事；用光；耗尽
expending例句：
The heart pumps by expending and contracting of muscle. 心脏通过收缩肌肉抽取和放出（血液）。 来自互联网
Criminal action is an action of expending cost and then producing profit. 刑事诉讼是一种需要支付成本、能够产生收益的活动。 来自互联网
相关单词：expenditure
expenditure解释：n.(时间、劳力、金钱等)支出；使用，消耗
expenditure例句：
The entry of all expenditure is necessary.有必要把一切开支入账。
The monthly expenditure of our family is four hundred dollars altogether.我们一家的开销每月共计四百元。
相关单词：exacting
exacting解释：adj.苛求的，要求严格的
exacting例句：
He must remember the letters and symbols with exacting precision.他必须以严格的精度记住每个字母和符号。
The public has been more exacting in its demands as time has passed.随着时间的推移，公众的要求更趋严格。
相关单词：vice
vice解释：n.坏事；恶习；[pl.]台钳，老虎钳；adj.副的
vice例句：
He guarded himself against vice.他避免染上坏习惯。
They are sunk in the depth of vice.他们堕入了罪恶的深渊。
相关单词：expended
expended解释：v.花费( expend的过去式和过去分词 )；使用（钱等）做某事；用光；耗尽
expended例句：
She expended all her efforts on the care of home and children. 她把所有精力都花在料理家务和照顾孩子上。
The enemy had expended all their ammunition. 敌人已耗尽所有的弹药。 来自《简明英汉词典》
相关单词：virtue
virtue解释：n.德行，美德；贞操；优点；功效，效力
virtue例句：
He was considered to be a paragon of virtue.他被认为是品德尽善尽美的典范。
You need to decorate your mind with virtue.你应该用德行美化心灵。
相关单词：avaricious
avaricious解释：adj.贪婪的，贪心的
avaricious例句：
I call on your own memory as witness:remember we have avaricious hearts.假使你想要保证和证明，你可以回忆一下我们贪婪的心。
He is so avaricious that we call him a blood sucker.他如此贪婪，我们都叫他吸血鬼。
相关单词：accomplished
accomplished解释：adj.有才艺的；有造诣的；达到了的
accomplished例句：
Thanks to your help,we accomplished the task ahead of schedule.亏得你们帮忙,我们才提前完成了任务。
Removal of excess heat is accomplished by means of a radiator.通过散热器完成多余热量的排出。
相关单词：miser
miser解释：n.守财奴，吝啬鬼 (adj.miserly)
miser例句：
The miser doesn't like to part with his money.守财奴舍不得花他的钱。
The demon of greed ruined the miser's happiness.贪得无厌的恶习毁掉了那个守财奴的幸福。
相关单词：prudent
prudent解释：adj.谨慎的，有远见的，精打细算的
prudent例句：
A prudent traveller never disparages his own country.聪明的旅行者从不贬低自己的国家。
You must school yourself to be modest and prudent.你要学会谦虚谨慎。
相关单词：economist
economist解释：n.经济学家，经济专家，节俭的人
economist例句：
He cast a professional economist's eyes on the problem.他以经济学行家的眼光审视这个问题。
He's an economist who thinks he knows all the answers.他是个经济学家，自以为什么都懂。
相关单词：enjoyment
enjoyment解释：n.乐趣；享有；享用
enjoyment例句：
Your company adds to the enjoyment of our visit. 有您的陪同，我们这次访问更加愉快了。
After each joke the old man cackled his enjoyment.每逢讲完一个笑话，这老人就呵呵笑着表示他的高兴。
相关单词：idol
idol解释：n.偶像，红人，宠儿
idol例句：
As an only child he was the idol of his parents.作为独子，他是父母的宠儿。
Blind worship of this idol must be ended.对这个偶像的盲目崇拜应该结束了。
相关单词：thrifty
thrifty解释：adj.节俭的；兴旺的；健壮的
thrifty例句：
Except for smoking and drinking,he is a thrifty man.除了抽烟、喝酒，他是个生活节俭的人。
She was a thrifty woman and managed to put aside some money every month.她是个很会持家的妇女，每月都设法存些钱。
相关单词：amasses
amasses解释：v.积累，积聚( amass的第三人称单数 )
amasses例句：
In the end, victory Le Havre goes to the player who amasses the largest fortune. 拥有最多财富的玩家将赢得游戏的胜利。 来自互联网
相关单词：squandered
squandered解释：v.（指钱，财产等）浪费，乱花( squander的过去式和过去分词 )
squandered例句：
He squandered all his money on gambling. 他把自己所有的钱都糟蹋在赌博上了。
She felt as indignant as if her own money had been squandered. 她心里十分生气，好像是她自己的钱给浪费掉了似的。 来自飘（部分）
相关单词：amassing
amassing解释：v.积累，积聚( amass的现在分词 )
amassing例句：
The study of taxonomy must necessarily involve the amassing of an encyclopaedic knowledge of plants. 分类学研究一定要积累广博的植物知识。 来自辞典例句
Build your trophy room while amassing awards and accolades. 建立您的奖杯积累奖项和荣誉。 来自互联网
相关单词：worthy
worthy解释：adj.(of)值得的，配得上的；有价值的
worthy例句：
I did not esteem him to be worthy of trust.我认为他不值得信赖。
There occurred nothing that was worthy to be mentioned.没有值得一提的事发生。
相关单词：eventual
eventual解释：adj.最后的，结局的，最终的
eventual例句：
Several schools face eventual closure.几所学校面临最终关闭。
Both parties expressed optimism
相关单词：prudence
prudence解释：n.谨慎，精明，节俭
prudence例句：
A lack of prudence may lead to financial problems.不够谨慎可能会导致财政上出现问题。
The happy impute all their success to prudence or merit.幸运者都把他们的成功归因于谨慎或功德。
相关单词：ward
ward解释：n.守卫，监护，病房，行政区，由监护人或法院保护的人（尤指儿童）；vt.守护，躲开
ward例句：
The hospital has a medical ward and a surgical ward.这家医院有内科病房和外科病房。
During the evening picnic,I'll carry a torch to ward off the bugs.傍晚野餐时，我要点根火把，抵挡蚊虫。
相关单词：prey
prey解释：n.被掠食者，牺牲者，掠食；v.捕食，掠夺，折磨
prey例句：
Stronger animals prey on weaker ones.弱肉强食。
The lion was hunting for its prey.狮子在寻找猎物。
相关单词：possessed
possessed解释：adj.疯狂的；拥有的，占有的
possessed例句：
He flew out of the room like a man possessed.他像着了魔似地猛然冲出房门。
He behaved like someone possessed.他行为举止像是魔怔了。
相关单词：lighter
lighter解释：n.打火机，点火器；驳船；v.用驳船运送；light的比较级
lighter例句：
The portrait was touched up so as to make it lighter.这张画经过润色，色调明朗了一些。
The lighter works off the car battery.引燃器利用汽车蓄电池打火。
相关单词：blessing
blessing解释：n.祈神赐福；祷告；祝福，祝愿
blessing例句：
The blessing was said in Hebrew.祷告用了希伯来语。
A double blessing has descended upon the house.双喜临门。
