慕尼黑枪击案：校园欺凌的悲剧

Though rumors swirled about the attacker’s motives, German police revealed on July 23 that the gunman–identified by authorities as David S. and whose family name was Sonboly, according to German news reports–had no connection with Islamist extremism. Instead, he was “obsessed with shooting *rampages”.
有关袭击者的动机坊间有各种传言，但据德国媒体报道，德国警方于23日公布，这名枪手和伊斯兰教极端主义无关。经当局确认，该枪手名为大卫•S•桑波里，生前曾沉迷于枪击暴力。

The Munich police chief, Hubertus Andrae, told the Los Angeles Times that investigators who searched Sonboly’s home found literature about mass shootings, including an academic study of students who kill. He was also an *avid player of violent video games, including Counter Strike: Source, which Robert Heimberger, head of Bavaria’s criminal police, identified as “a game played by nearly every known rampage killer”.
慕尼黑警察局局长胡贝图斯•安德烈，在接受美国《洛杉矶时报》采访时表示，调查人员在搜查桑波里住所时，发现了一些关于枪击案的文献，其中包括一份学生杀人的学术研究。他还是一名暴力电子游戏的狂热玩家，包括游戏《反恐精英：起源》。德国巴伐利亚刑警长罗伯特•亨贝格尔认为，“这是一款几乎每个暴力杀人犯都会玩的游戏”。

A video posted online after the mass shooting offers a glimpse into Sonboly’s mindset. The video shows a gunman, believed to be Sonboly, arguing with another man standing on a balcony during the shootings. He shouted: “Because of you I was bullied for seven years ... and now I have to buy a gun to shoot you.”
枪击案发生后一段视频被发布到网上，让人们得以一窥桑波里的内心世界。视频中，该名被认为是桑波里的枪手在枪击期间和一名男子站在阳台上争论。他喊道：“都是因为你，我被欺负了7年…… 现在我有枪了，我要打死你。”

A post on a chatroom website seemed to confirm that Sonboly was a victim of bullying. One of his former classmates said: “He was in my class. We always mobbed him in school, and he always told us that he would kill us.”
聊天室网站上的一则帖子似乎证实了桑波里是校园欺凌的受害者。一名他先前的同学称：“他和我同班。我们总是在学校里围攻他，他也总说将来要杀了我们。”

*Perpetrators of mass killings often share a history of *dysfunctional relationships, according to Peter Aylward, a *forensic *psychoanalyst at Broadmoor Psychiatric Hospital in the UK.
英国布罗德莫精神病院的法庭心理分析师，彼得•艾尔沃德认为，枪击案的行凶者往往都经历过一些失常的人际关系。

“It is a psychiatric problem,” he told BBC security correspondent Frank Gardner, “and such planning [as the Nice or Munich attacks] indicates a disordered personality. With such *premeditation there is a desire to enact a form of revenge, and with such intent on causing major terror.”
“这是精神问题，”他告诉BBC安全事务通讯员弗兰克•加德纳，“这些策划（如尼斯和慕尼黑的袭击事件）显示出了一种混乱的人格。这样的预先策划伴随着一种实施复仇的欲望，而这样的意图则导致了主要的恐怖行动。”